Antiburglar lock



Sept. 25, 1934. w. c. ELLIOTT 1,974,759 Q ANTIBURGLAR LOCK Filed Feb. 2]., 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet l A I INVENTOFR 4 a Ei Sept. '25, 1934. w. c. ELLIOTT 1,974,769

7 ANTIBURGLAR LOCK Filed Feb. 21, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Spt. 25, 19340 5 w. c. ELLIOTT ,76

ANTIBUEGLAR LOOK 4 Filed Feb. 21', 1955 4Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR I W- aEuiozz j W :BYQ' LQAM I ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 25, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ANTIBURGLAR LOCK William 0. Elliott, Modesto. Calif.- Application February 21, 1933, Serial No. 657,747

14 Claims.

This invention relates to key operated locks. My principal object is to provide a lock of this general character so constructed that it is practically impossible to pick the same and the lock can only be released or opened by the proper key. I have also provided a special and novel form of key which is necessary to cooperate with the control mechanism of the lock to efiect the opening of the same. These cooperating control parts are of such a nature that the key if duplicated must be made to the exact dimensions of the original in practically every respect or else it will not function. Attempts to open the look by a key merely of the same general form will therefore be useless. It is also impossible to pick the look by implements such as are generally-used by nefarious persons for the purpose.

' The lock in the embodiment shown in this application is of the latch bolt and locking bolt character as commonly used on doors. Another object of my invention is to provide a connection between the bolts so that the retracting of the latchbolt by hand to open the door after the lock bolt has been released will not affect the latter, but the closing of the door by the engagement of the latch bolt with the strike plate will automatically cause the lock bolt to reassume its "locked position. I have also provided means operable only from inside the door for preventing the lock bolt from returning to such position or to release the same Without the use of the key. A

Thcseand other objects I accomplish by means of such structure and relative arrangement of parts as will fully appear by a perusal of the following specification and claims.

In the drawings similar charactersof reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views:

Fig. l is a side elevation of the lockstructure on the outside showing both bolts advanced.

Fig. 2 is a similar view from the inside with the parts in the corresponding position.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation ofthe lock on the outside showing the lock bolt partly retracted by the use of the key.

Fig. 4 is a similar View of the look from the inside with the parts in substantially the corresponding position.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the lock on the outside showing the lock bolt retracted and the latch bolt retracted by the'turning of the control .handle or knob. V V

. Fig. 6 is a similarview showing the latch bolt retracted by its engagement with the strike plate and the lock bolt about-tobe released.

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary side view of the lock on the inside showing the release of the lock bolt by the auxiliary handle.

In-all the foregoing views thecover plates of the lock box have"been removed.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary transverse section on the line 8--8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary enlarged section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is a similar view on the line Ill-10 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary side View of the lock box partition showing the mounting of the key released holding pins.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary section on the line l2-12 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary vertical section of the lock structure as mounted in a door showing the key engaged partition.

Fig. 14 is a similar View showing the key partly inserted.

Fig. 15 is a similar View showing the key fully inserted.

Fig. 1 6 is a sectional elevation of the key ,detached and with the tongue retracted. I

Fig. 17 is a side view of the key with the tongue-slot covering sleeve retracted.

Referring now more particularly to the char,- acters of reference on the drawings, the structu-re comprises a housing or box 1 having a cen- :tral vertical partition wall 2 on whichjthe mechanism is supported and side cover plates 3 on- .closing said mechanism when the structure is mountedin door. The box is set intothe door in the .usual manner so that one vertical ledge face .is flush with the edge of the vdoor. Horizontal :lock and latch bolts 4 and 5 respectively are mounted in slidingnonn'ection with the box and partition at the top and bottom thereof and project through the outer vertical face of the box i to engage the .usual sockets (not shown) in the strike plate 6 secured to the door housing. (Springs 5' behind the bolts urge the same outwardly. An actuating arm 8 to withdraw the latch bolt '5 is engaged at its'lower end with a longitudinal slot S cut in the latch bolt on one side of the partition andturnably mounted in the partition :2. Said arm is connected to a spindle 9 projecting through the partition, said spindle havingthe usualknobs or the'like (not shown) on itsends on both sides of the door.

The lock1bolt on the outside ofthe partition 2 has a notch or recess 10 which isengaged, when the bolt isadvanced, by a pawl ll fixed on a stem .12 journaled in and projectingathrough the par:- .tition. said stem having a radial :arm 13 connected thereto on the opposite side of the partition. The pawl is arranged to hold thebolt from being retracted and is formed with a relatively long arm 14 depending from the stem 1.2,.which f,

connection with the partition 2 on the corresponding side, said member being mounted and actuated by the key in the manner which will be seen later. Supported by the partition 2 on the opposite or inner side of the same is a hand turned spindle 18 having an arm 19 fixed thereon which engages a lug 2O projecting from the adjacent side of the bolt 4. The arm also has a cam surface 21 to engage and turn the arm 13 in a pawl releasing direction. These parts are arranged so that when the spindle 18 is turned, the arm 13 is first engaged by the cam surface and turned to release the pawl 11, and'the arm 19 then engages the lug 20 in a bolt retracted direction, as shown in Fig. '7. The spindle 18 only projects through the inside surface of the door so that it can only be operated to release the bolt from the inside.

The bolt 4 on the same side as the pawl 11 has a notch 22 therein beyond the notch 10, said notch 22 facing away from the spring '7, and engaged by a catch 23 only when the bolt is fully retracted. This catch is rigid with the adjacent end of the horizontal arm 24 of a bell crank pivoted on the partition 2, the other arm 25 of the be l crank extending downwardly to adjacent the bolt 5. At its lower end said arm 25 is connected by a bar 26 to the lower end of a link 2? which extends upwardly to a pivotal con nection with a short arm 8a formed with the arm 8 above the spindle 9. A portion of the spring 15 engages the arm 24 to hold the catch engaged.

This mechanism is arranged so that if the actuating arm is turned by its spindle to retract the latch bolt 5 the bar 26 (which is floating and which normally projects below the upper edge of the latch bolt 5 back of the same when the latter is advanced) will be raised by the upward movement of the arm 8a so as to clear the latch bolt, as shown in Fig. 5, and no movement will be imparted to the bell crank. If however the latch bolt is pushed back by engagement with the strike plate 6, the actuating arm 8 being free to ride in the relatively long slot in the latch bolt, will remain stationary and consequently the bar 26 remains in its relatively low position. A repressing movement of the latch bolt thus causes the latter to push against the bar, tilting the bell crank and causing the release of the bolt 4 as indicated in Fig. 6. These parts are arranged so that the bolt 4 will not be released until the latch bolt is almost fully retracted, so that the locking bolt 4 will be alined with its socket in the strike plate before its release.

In the event that it is desired to prevent the advance of the lock bolt, its lower edge is provided with a vertical notch or groove 28. This notch, when the bolt is fully retracted, alines with the adjacent end of a vertical holding bar 25) slidable in the partition 2 and normally clear of said recess. However the bar is connected to a snap action actuating mechanism of common character mounted in the partition 2 and indicated generally by the numeral 30. This mechanism is operable from the edge of the door so as to either cause the bar 29 to be raised into and held engaged with the notch 28, or retained in its retracted position.

The above mechanism constitutes the hand and automatic control'of the bolts. The bolt 4 however is mainly intended to be retracted by the use of my special key and such key and the anti-pick features of the mechanism associated therewith will now be described.

Turnable in the partition 2 adjacent the lower end of the pawl arm 14 is a sleeve 31 on which the member 17 is turnably mounted. An extension 31a of the sleeve 31 projects to the outer face of the door 32 and has a disc 33 secured about its outer end, which disc is provided with a hole 34 near its periphery. Disposed immediately back of the disc 33 is another disc 35 secured to a sleeve 36 which is turnable on the extension 31a and connected to the member 17 to turn therewith. The disc 35 has a relatively small hole 37 to register with the hole 34. The sleeve 36 is supported in a block 38 countersunk in the door and mounted on the adjacent cover plate 3 after the lock box has been slid into place. The discs 33 and 36 are disposed outside the block 38 and are also countersunk in the door, being held in place: by a cover ring 39 secured to the adjacent plate 3 as the last operation in the assembly and preventing outward movement of said discs. The

hole in the face of the door through which these parts project is of course covered by the finish plate 40 which has an opening suificiently large to expose the hole 34 in any position.

Slidably engaging the end of the sleeve 31 which projects beyond the opposite face of the J- partition 2 is a sleeve 41, which normally covers a longitudinal slot 42 cut in the sleeve 31 adjacent said end. The sleeve 41 is held in covering position by a spring 43 mounted in connection with a disc 44 secured. on the outer face of the adjacent plate 3. This disc is also mounted in place through a hole in the adjacent face of the door after the lock is slid into place and is then concealed by the finish plate 45 on the door.

The sleeve 41 projects beyond the adjacent end of the sleeve 31 somewhat and the bore of the projecting portion is slightly less in diameter than that of the sleeve 31 as shown. A centrally located pin 46 preferably projects to the adjacent end of the sleeve 31 from the disc 44.

The bolt retracting means hereinafter described can only be reached from the outside of the door by the insertion of a member of the proper form and size through the slot 42, and can only be actuated by the turning of the sleeve 31 together with the sleeve 36. To effect the entrance of such a member the sleeve 41 must be pushed back to expose the slot 42, the sleeves 31 and 36 must be coupled together and the sleeve 31 must be also freed from the holding influence of spring pressed pins 47 which normally engage the same intermediate its ends and which are mounted in a block 48 set into the partition 2, as shown in Fig. 11. Even the insertion of a member into the slot 42 and the turning of the sleeves will not actuate the 3 bolt retracting mechanism unless such member is of the proper shape and size. It will therefore be seen that it is practically impossible to pick the lock, since so many things must be done and done exactly.

With the proper key however retraction of the bolt is simple. This key comprises a tubular shank 49 having a head 50 on one end. The diameter of the outer end portion of the shank is such as to fit snugly into the sleeve 31 and its extension, and its length from. the head is such that when said head is engaged with the outer disc 33, the restricted portion of the sleeve 41 will have been engaged by the outer end of the shank and pushed back clear of the slot 42, as shown in Fig. 15. A sleeve 51 is slidable on the shank from its enlarged outer portion to the head and is the same external diameter as said portion. It is normally advanced to its limit of movement by a spring 52 concealed in the head.

tive to "the shankwvith a futtherinsertion" ofthe latter: into 'the sleeve "31. This retracting move- AA curved tongue 55 normally concealed within thezshank and capable of passingthro'ugh the slot "i the :shan'k 49 i and proj ecting beyondthe head 50. Said stem has a head 57 ofits 'own on its outer 31" ;;cndusomddistance beyond the head 50 when the tonguetis fully retracted, "as shown in'Fig. 16. J'Ihe :bore :of the-'shank 49 beyondthesleeve 51' is restricted in-size 'or so as to admit thepin46only, .-.and=:incapable of receiVingthe tongue. Therefore when 'the slot 54 is exposecl and the head 57 I is advanced thetongue \vill be pushed outofsaid i slot; describing a curved pathuntilit assumes a positionifsubstantially at'right angles to the 'shank 'When the shankisinserted inthe sleeve '31 for its full length before advancing the head 57; and mis turned to a pvoper-position a nub 58 projecting T -fronrthe inner-side of the head 50 then enters the whole 34. In this position of the parts the slots 42 :Iand 54 are talined with each other. 'Since' the a block 60 secured to and projecting inwardly In'from the adjacent -'cover-* plate 3. This-position vcof ithe sleeve 31 and corre'spending parts is that movement-la shown in several of the views. This "turning'of the disc 'relative" to the disc 33 'of COIIISG throws the holes therein out of normal at which the pins 47 have been' pressed back by wsaid sleeve surface.

31 Tbeiinner-i tace of the blo'ck "alines-withthe 't-h latter is i outermost i edge of 'the tongue w-heii fully. advanced," butthe slot 1 therein- 1s shaped to wreceive the :tongue as the "latter is relatively ad- ":vanced' when being projected or retracted. This l5 arrangement enables the tongue to turned iraboutithe shank- 8,5 an armswmnrtuypmaeetec but prevents retraction of said tongue into the sish ank. unless it islflrs't aline'd with theslot 59.

The full .proj ection-ofthe to ngue causes a spring I i-5 crca-tchtfilz totibe depressed from engagement with .x-azt-notchr62 cuttin the periphery-era disc 63 rigid wwith the sleeve'f3l on the corresponding flside oi ather partition. 2. lThis catch extendscirciiihferem tially of the disc outwardly thereot'for a"short i'distancelon both sides 'of the notch as shown, so

xthatuthe .keyrrwith. its r'0'tation willretainthe catch qclepressed. tmtili said notch which rotates 2withv.the :key) wpasses' 'clear' of the catch fitself. Further rotation of the key in a clockwise "direc- .1 tionwwhena looking in the outside of the do'cr brings the outer end 3101 the tongue into; dpress- .rringvengagement with' a'holding catch 64' "tinted eon .theipartition Z'aan'd extending t'ra ersely thereof, and subsequently with one sideofa b- GS stantially vertical. lever 65 pivotjed intermediate its end-son the partition andn'o-rmally held against movement by said catch. The opposite end of the lever-.isapivoted to one. end of a sub'stantially horizontal linkx 66 ,Ithe other end ofwhih *is pivoted 1-.70 to the lower end of a vertical actuating arm 67.

.1175 the rotation of the key tongue to the necessary eiitent therefore' the lever 65 willbe turned and likewise the arms 67- will *be-turned to retract the bolt, which as soon as retracted willbe automaticaIlY heIdaga'inStadvance bythe catch 23 on the op osite side of the partition.

The bolt actuating mechanism remains where it is moved by the key until the bolt isagain advanced; whichdraws'the' parts balck to their origi naI positiOn and causesthelever GSto beagain engaged by the catch 6%. twillbeseen that the-111968 it will not be influenced by'themovementbf-thebolt by the hand actuated -19.

The bolt can-notbe'retractedgbythe arrri 7 6'? as "above described however unless the holding pawl 11 is first released. Thisisdohe-by the rotation of 'the 'disc 35 and consequently the member 17 simultaneously with the rotation of thesleeve 31.

This is accomplished by means of a spring pressed pin 69 in the head 50 which slidably projects through the element 58. This pin is adapted to engagethe hole 3'7 intlie disc' 35. Normally'ho tw ever-"said'hole is out of register with the hole 34 andthe key when initially inserted and engaged the hole S'Tso as to enter the same. This normal misalin'ement of the holes is had on accOunt Ot the fact that'whenthe keyis turned to a re-tracting position in the sleeve '31,*the'-pin 16 is then forcefully engagedwitha spring pressed member 70'mounted on the partition"2. Upon the "withdrawal of the keya ndthe release of the-disc 35 of thepawl arm 14Which' actsas a stop for such alin'ernentwith each other. v j

The keyhaving been insertjed' and turned in "onetlir ection to pickup the disc 35itis then revers'ed initsrotation to effect the retraction of the bolt as previously described. The member 1'? and pin 1 16" thereon turn als and said 'pin positurns the arm 14 so as to withdraw thepawl 11 from the bolt recess 10, asshown in Fig. 3. H Uponthe bolthavingbeen retracted the key is turned furtherin the samefdirection' or was to bring the tongue into realinement with the gr'oove or' -slot 59. pulling out on the head 5'7,'which retracts the 1 to'ngue Within the shankand then causes the'key The key may then be*withdrawn by lasawhole to be removed fro'm'the lock. When thus removing the keythe sleeve 5lfauto1natically reassumes itspos'itionin covering relation to the slot54, owing to the spring 52' which thus actuates same.

1 When the key shank is inserted in the sleeve 31 the pins 47 are of course retracted so'as to 'be that upon tu'rnin'g pressure being eir'erted on the sleeve, the pinswillbe further and automatically retracted until they engage the -'outersurface of *saidheeve. I In larder 'to change that my "be termed the combination of this lock it is only necessary to alter the radial distance of the elements 58 and 69 from the axis of the key shank, or alter the circumferential positioning of said elements relative to the tongue slot 54. Such an arrangement will of course prevent the use of any key but that actually intended for an individual lock to be used to open the same, even though the main dimensions of the keys maybe identical with each other.

From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that I have produced such a device as substantially fulfills the objects of the invention as set forth herein.

While this specification sets forth in detail the present and preferred construction of the device, still in practice such deviations from such detail may be resorted to as do not form a departure from the spirit of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.

Having thus described .my invention what I claim as new and useful and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, a lock housing, a bolt slidable therein, a bolt retracting means including amovable key-actuated arm, a key-rotated sleeve extending transversely of and turnably mounted in the housing, a releasable pawl normally preventing retraction of the bolt; and means between the pawl and sleeve to release the pawl with the turning of the sleeve.

2. A lock structure including a latch bolt, a locking bolt, hand means to retract the latch bolt, means acting to advance the locking bolt, releasable means to hold the locking bolt against advancing movement, and means to automati- Cally release the holding means by the retraction of the latch bolt only when the latter is thus moved by means other than said hand means.

3. A look structure including a latch bolt, a locking bolt, hand means to retract the latch bolt, means acting to advance the locking bolt, releasable means to hold the locking bolt against advancing movement, and means to automatically release the holding means by the retraction of the latch bolt, and including a bar normally projecting into the path or retracting movement of the latch bolt to be engaged and moved thereby to efiect the release of the holding means, and means between said bar and the latch bolt retracting means to withdraw said bar from the path of the latch bolt with the actuation of said retracting means.

4. In a lock having a bolt and a movable retracting arm therefor, a sleeve to receive the shank of a key extending transversely of and turnably mounted in the housing of the lock, said sleeve having a slot for the key tongue disposed adjacent the transverse plane of the arm whereby said tongue may project through the slot in position to actuate the arm with the rotation of the key and sleeve only after the shank has been inserted its full distance into the sleeve, and a movable member normally covering the slot and positioned to be moved to an uncovering position by the key shank with such full insertion of the key.

5. In a lock having a bolt and a movable r tracting arm therefor, a sleeve to receive the shank of a key extending transversely of and turnably mounted in the housing of the lock, said sleeve having a slot disposed adjacent the transverse plane of the arm to expose the adjacent end of the arm for engagement and movement by the retractible tongue of a key projected through the slot.

6. A structure as in claim 5, with key actuated releasable means normally holding the sleeve from rotation.

'7. A structure as in claim 5, with releasable means normally holding the sleeve from rotation and including a pawl adapted to be released by the tongue of the key when projected through the slot to an arm engaging position.

8. A structure as in claim 5, with a notched disc fixed on the inner end of the sleeve, and a releasable pawl engaging the notch in the disc and positioned relative to the sleeve slot so as to be released by the key tongue when projected through the slot.

- 9. A structure as in claim 5, with releasable key-tongue actuated means normally holding the sleeve from rotation, and separate key-shank released means to hold the sleeve from rotation.

10. A structure as in claim 5, with releasable key-tongue actuated means normally holding the sleeve from rotation, and separate key-shank released means to hold the sleeve from rotation, such last named means comprising a spring advanced pin mounted outwardly of and projecting through the sleeve for retraction to the bore thereof by the shank of the key; said sleeve being provided with a circumferential groove in which the pin rides and extending from the bore of the sleeve to the outer periphery thereof.

11. A look structure including vertically spaced lock and latch bolts, means tending to advance the lock bolt, a bar to be engaged and moved lengthwise by the latch bolt when retracted by engagement with a strike plate, a bellcrank member pivoted in the housing of the structure, one end of said member being pivoted on the bar at the end thereof opposite the latch bolt, a pawl rigid with the other end of the member to engage a notch in the under side of the lock bolt when the latter is retracted and the latch bolt is advanced, spring means acting on the member to thus hold the pawl engaged, hand means to retract the latch bolt, and means between said hand means and the bar to draw the same clear of the latch bolt without imparting longitudinal movement to said bar when the hand means is actuated.

12. A structure as in claim 11, said hand means including an arm pivoted in the lock housing above the latch bolt, said bolt having a slot into which the arm projects, and said last named means comprising a link connecting the adjacent bolt end of the bar and the arm above the pivot thereof.

13. A lock structure including a locking bolt, means tending to advance the bolt, a releasable pawl normally preventing retraction of the bolt from an advanced position, a pivot for the pawl, hand means to retract the bolt including a pivoted arm, and a lug on the belt for engagement by said arm after the latter has been turned a predetermined amount from a starting position, a rod rigid with and projecting radially from the pawl pivot, and a cam formed on said arm arranged to engage and turn said rod to a pawl releasing position with the initial turning of the arm.

14. A structure as in claim 13, with separate key actuated means to release the pawl.

WILLIAM C. ELLIOTT. 

